Thursday, March 02, 2006

The dangers of Aristotelian thought in Medieval Europe

I was flipping around in my old history textbooks, and I came across this. It’s from a 1270 decree by Stephen, Bishop of Paris, condemning errors, most of which, according to the textbook’s editors, are errors committed by Averroists, folowers of Averroes, the Arab commentator on Aristotle. Among the thirteen errors that Stephen bans are:
2. That this is false or inappropriate: Man understands.
3. That the will of man wills or chooses from necessity.
...
7. That the soul, which is the form of man as a human being, is corrupted when the body is corrupted.
...
9. That free will is a passive power, not active; and that it is moved necessarily by appetite.
10. That God does not know things in particular.
11. That God does not know other things than Himself.
12. That human actions are not ruled by divine Providence. (Tierney 269-270)

I think this is interesting because it shows that some European thinkers were following the comments of Averroes, an Arab, about Aristotle. Of course, you can see how these ideas directly violated Church tenets. We can also see how the Church definitely tried to control discourse by banning ideas that disagreed with their Truth.

Tierney, Brian. The Middle Ages: Volume I: Sources of Medieval History. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999.

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